Comparison CSV Vs CSA
“Quality is never an accident; it is always the result of high intention, sincere effort, intelligent direction and skillful execution; it represents the wise choice of many alternatives.” William A. Foster
Focus on creating documentary records for compliance
VS
Focus on testing for higher confidence in system performance
Validating everything with the risk to miss higher risk functionality
VS
Risk-based assurance, applying the right level of risk to patient safety and/or
product quality
Ignoring previous assurance activity or related risk controls
VS
Taking prior assurance activities into account and upstream / downstream risk
controls
CSV is ‘’a confirmation by examination and provision of objective evidence that software specifications conform to user needs and intended uses, and that particular requirements implemented through software can be consistently fulfilled’’. This implies that in the industry, a validation approach results in an extensive set of test and other documents.
CSA proposes “a set of activities or actions to be performed to give confidence that the software functions as intended and meets the organization’s needs’’.
These activities can include solution
selection analysis, vendor history and data (which can
be reused!), market performance data, installation activities, factory
acceptance and risk-based testing.
What
is the difference between computer system validation (CSV) and computer
software assurance (CSA)?
If you think of the 80/20
rule, the current CSV methodology has manufacturers spending 80% of their time
documenting and only 20% of their time testing.
The FDA wants to flip this so
that 80% of a manufacturer’s time is spent on critical thinking and applying
the right level of testing to higher-risk activities, while only 20% of their
time is spent documenting (CSA methodology). This critical thinking should be
focused on three questions:
- Does this
software impact patient safety?
- Does this
software impact product quality?
- Does this
software impact system integrity?
Using a risk-based approach
is nothing new, and regulatory agencies such as the International Society for
Pharmaceutical Engineering (ISPE) who author Good Automated Manufacturing
Practice (GAMP®) have been advocating this for two decades.
CSA is a framework designed
to help manufacturers achieve CSV. CSA will provide clarity on the stance and
methodology used to determine what is high risk and what is not, therefore
minimizing misinterpretation by manufacturers.
The clarification in the CSA
approach flips the paradigm to focus on critical thinking (risk-based),
assurance needs, testing activities, and documentation, in that order.
Computer System Validation
Computer system validation procedures
emphasize elaborate documentation requirements to ensure auditors have a
detailed overview of all aspects of applications being used to manufacture a
product.
Instead of assuring product quality, these extensive documentation requirements have become somewhat of a bottleneck and a burden to life science companies, effectively deterring investment in more automated IT solutions.
Computer System Assurance
The new CSA guidelines are the FDA’s
attempt to rectify this problem, emphasizing patient safety, product quality,
risk control, and critical thinking, which is a major reorientation of the
previous CSV framework.
Instead of having documentation at the forefront like CSV, the CSA flips this structure completely and establishes critical thinking as its principal phase.
Computer software assurance (CSA) is a risk-based approach that limits testing to functions directly impacting product quality and patient safety. CSA also encourages companies to use the software vendor’s documentation to reduce the testing burden and deploy applications faster.
Benefits that can be realized from this
new approach include reduced software development and implementation times,
reduced costs, reduced documentation, and more effective software systems.
As the FDA prepares to release its new
CSA guidance, life science companies need to be proactive and develop a
strategy to transition to the new CSA methodology that focuses on patient
safety, product quality, and data integrity.
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